Heat or Sun Stroke is a severe type of illness in which body temperature is greater than 40o C or 104o F and is associated with headache, redness of skin, confusion, dizziness and if left untreated it leads to seizures, kidney failure, rhabdomyolysis. Heatstroke happens because of high external temperatures or physical exertion. People with certain health conditions and the pediatric population are at high risk of heatstroke. Heatstroke happens when thermoregulation is overwhelmed by excessive metabolic production of heat (exertion), excessive heat in the environment, and impaired or insufficient loss, resulting in abnormally high body temperature, Substances that inhibit cooling and cause dehydration such as alcohol stimulants, medication, and age-related physiological changes predispose to non-exertion or classic heatstroke.
The most vulnerable are the elderly, small children, pregnant or breastfeeding women, and persons with heart disease, high blood pressure, or lung disease. Drink plenty of water in hot weather, stay cool indoors or in the shade, and limit physical activity, including exercise, renovations, and gardening.
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Old age, sudden hot weather exposure, lack of air conditioning, certain medications i.e. vasoconstrictors, exertion in hot weather and some health conditions such as lung/heart disease.
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